Design and Construction of an Arduino-Based Robotic Arm Training Kit Using Flex Sensors
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65359/sintika.2026.23.141Keywords:
Arduino, Flex sensor, Robot Arm, Training Kit, Vocational EducationAbstract
Robotics learning requires a training medium that integrates mechanical design, sensors, actuators, and microcontroller programming. This study aimed to design and build an Arduino-based robot arm training kit using flex sensors. The research used a Research and Development approach with the ADDIE model. The initial mechanical model was adapted and modified in SolidWorks, fabricated by PLA-based three-dimensional printing, and integrated with an Arduino Mega, three flex sensors, one joystick, and four servo motors. Testing included flex-sensor characterization, servo-position accuracy, integrated functional testing, a pick-and-place task, and user evaluation. The fabrication required 462.65 g of filament and 15 h 3 min of printing. The flex sensors produced distinguishable ADC values at each reference position. The four actuators had an overall mean error of 2.28%. All six integrated functions operated successfully. The pick-and-place test achieved a 70% success rate with a mean successful completion time of 25.63 s, while user evaluation reached 88.22%, categorized as very good. The developed system can be used as a basic robotics training kit.
Downloads
References
Alamsyah, N., Arfandy, H., Rahma, R. M., & Darmawansyah, A. (2022). Rancang Bangun Trainer Kit Berbasis Arduino Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Pada Mata Kuliah Robotika. Jurnal Teknologi Dan Komputer (JTEK), 2(02), 190–195. https://doi.org/10.56923/jtek.v2i02.97
Awad, D. H., Baghdady, A. A., Morsi, A. A., Ezz El-Din, A. A., Waleed, A., Hisham, M., AbdelKader, N. A., Gokh, Y., Fekry, M., Samy, A. M., Milad, M. M., & Asham, A. D. (2025). A Review of Multi-Degree of Freedom Robot Arm Research. Advanced Sciences and Technology Journal, 2(2), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.21608/astj.2025.345449.1031
Ciungan, D.-A., Mîș, E.-O., Rusu, D.-Ștefan, Bratosin, I.-A., Popovici, A.-F., Popovici, R., Goga, N., Goga, M., Pomană, L.-N., Bordea, C.-A., Popescu, B., Stan, A.-V., & Neacșu, R.-F. (2025). Enhancing IoT Education Through Hybrid Robotic Arm Integration: A Quantitative and Qualitative Student Experience Study. Applied Sciences, 15(19), 10537. https://doi.org/10.3390/app151910537
Dwi Ramadhany, M., Hartayu, R., Setyadjit, K., Hariadi, B., Agung Swarga, L., & Adriaty Basyarach, N. (2025). Pengembangan Kontrol Robot ARM 4 DOF Berbasis Robot Operating System (ROS). Seminar Nasional Fortei Regional, 7.
Fauzan, R. N., & Pramudita, R. (2024). Controlling a 4 Degree of Freedom (4 DoF) Robot Arm with Hand Gestures Using Computer Vision Technology for Manufacturing Processes. Journal of Electrical, Electronic, Information, and Communication Technology, 6(2), 48. https://doi.org/10.20961/jeeict.6.2.90823
Febrianto, R. (2024). Design and Development of a 5-DOF SCARA Robot Arm for Robotics Education in a STEM Laboratory. The Indonesian Journal of Computer Science, 13(5). https://doi.org/10.33022/ijcs.v13i5.4373
Kalem, E. (2025, February 21). 3D Printed Robot Arm Assembly - YouTube. Https://Www.Youtube.Com/Watch?V=CHV36hu9z3E. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHV36hu9z3E
Kurniawan, Y. (2024). The Development Media for Interactive Learning using Bots Api of Telegram Social Media on Harmonic Motion Materials for Class X of Senior High School Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif dengan Bot Api Media Sosial Telegram pada Materi Gerak Harmonik Sederhana Kelas X SMA. Physics Education Journal, 7(1), 1–12. http://jurnal.unipa.ac.id/index.php/kpej
Ramadhani, D. E., Nugroho, Y. S., Achmad, F., & Ningrum, L. E. C. (2022). PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR SAR (STAMP AUTOMATIC ROBOT) SEBAGAI PENDUKUNG PEMBELAJARAN KURIKULUM 2013 DI SMK NEGERI 1 TAMBELANGAN. Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Elektro, 11(03), 359–368. https://doi.org/10.26740/jpte.v11n03.p359-368
Sofwatillah, Risnita, Jailani M. Syahran, & Saksitha Deassy Arestya. (2024). TEHNIK ANALISIS DATA KUANTITATIF DAN KUALITATIF DALAM PENELITIAN ILMIAH.
Song, D., Chen, X., Wang, M., & Xiao, X. (2023). Flexible sensors for mechatronic engineering education. Sensors International, 4, 100236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sintl.2023.100236
Sutisna, N. A., Suwarno, P., & Firmansyah, A. R. (2022). RANCANG BANGUN ROBOT ARM BERBASIS RASPBERRY PI MENGGUNAKAN PRINTER 3D. In Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics (Vol. 7, Number 2).
Vij, R. (2025). Development and User Testing of Gesture-Controlled Robotic Arms: A Secondary Study. International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research, 7(6). https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i06.58481
Zhu, F., Wang, L., Wen, Y., Yang, L., Pan, J., Wang, Z., & Wang, W. (2021). Failure Handling of Robotic Pick and Place Tasks With Multimodal Cues Under Partial Object Occlusion. Frontiers in Neurorobotics, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbot.2021.570507
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Kadhafi Al Khoiri Harahap, Trinovita Zuhara Jingga, Hendra (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright & Licensing Policy
Copyright
The copyright of all articles published in JURNAL SINTIKA (Journal of Information Systems, Informatics Engineering, and Computer Systems) remains with the respective author(s). Authors retain full copyright ownership of their work while granting JURNAL SINTIKA the right of first publication.
Upon publication, authors agree that their articles will be distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) License.
Under this license, users are free to:
- Share – Copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
- Adapt – Remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, including commercial use.
These permissions are granted provided that the following conditions are met:
- Attribution (BY) – Appropriate credit must be given to the original author(s), a link to the license must be provided, and any changes made to the work must be clearly indicated.
- ShareAlike (SA) – If the material is modified, adapted, or remixed, the resulting work must be distributed under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.
Licensing Policy
By submitting a manuscript to JURNAL SINTIKA, authors agree that, if accepted for publication, their article will be published under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) License.
Authors retain the right to:
- Archive and distribute the published version of their article through institutional repositories, personal websites, academic social networks, or other non-commercial and commercial platforms, provided that the original publication in JURNAL SINTIKA is properly acknowledged.
- Reuse their work in future books, dissertations, conference proceedings, or other scholarly publications, with appropriate citation to the original publication.
JURNAL SINTIKA supports the principles of Open Access and encourages authors to deposit their manuscripts in institutional or subject repositories before submission (preprint), during the review process (where permitted), and after publication, in order to enhance the visibility, accessibility, dissemination, and academic impact of their research.
For complete license information, please visit the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) website:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
